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Theodor W. Adornosearch for term

1903 - 1969. A member of the "Frankfurt school" and a major German philosopher, emigrated to Oxford University and the United States after 1933, returned to the University of Frankfurt in 1949. His publications are partly philosophical and partly musicological, as well as about sociology, literature and political responsibility.

Synonyms: Adorno
Theresienstadtsearch for term

The German name for the Czech town of TerezinThe Little Fortress was a police prison created by the Prague Gestapo in June 1940, located across the Ohre River from the Theresienstadt ghetto. More than 32,000 political prisoners were held there between 1940 and 1945. Jews held in the Theresienstadt ghetto were at times also transferred to the Little Fortress for infractions of ghetto rules., located about 40 miles from Prague. In mid-October 1941, TheresienstadtThe German name for the Czech town of Terezin, located about 40 miles from Prague. In mid-October 1941, Theresienstadt was converted into a ghetto for Jewish deportees en route to killing centers in the East. More than 140,000 European Jews (73,000 from Bohemia and Moravia, 42,000 from Germany, 16,000 from Austria, 5,000 from the Netherlands, and a small number from Denmark) were imprisoned in Theresienstadt. Approximately 35,000 Jews died in the ghetto and 88,000 were redeported to the East. Barely 2,000 of the 15,000 children survived. The Soviet Army liberated Theresienstadt on May 8, 1945. was converted into a ghettoThe Nazis revived the medieval term 'ghetto' to describe their compulsory "Jewish quarters". Ghettos were poor sections of a city where all Jews from the city and surrounding areas were forced to reside. Surrounded by barbed wire or walls, the ghettos were sealed and no one could leave. Established mostly in German-occupied Eastern Europe (for example, Lodz, Warsaw, Vilna, Riga, Minsk), the ghettos were characterized by overcrowding, starvation and heavy labor. All ghettos were eventually dissolved, and the Jews and Gypsies that had resided there were deported and murdered. for Jewish deportees en route to killing centers in the East. More than 140,000 European Jews (73,000 from Bohemia and Moravia, 42,000 from Germany, 16,000 from Austria, 5,000 from the Netherlands, and a small number from Denmark) were imprisoned in Theresienstadt. Approximately 35,000 Jews died in the ghetto and 88,000 were redeported to the East. Barely 2,000 of the 15,000 children survived. The Soviet Army liberated Theresienstadt on May 8, 1945.

Synonyms: Terezin
Treblinkasearch for term

Killing center on the Bug River northeast of Warsaw in the General Government The German name for the administrative unit comprising those parts of occupied Poland that were not incorporated into the Reich. It initially included four districts: Cracow, Lublin, Radom, and Warsaw, containing 12 million inhabitants. After the invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, the fifth district, Lviv [Lemberg], was added as the district of Galicia. The Generalgouvernement comprised of an area of 94,000 km2 with about 12 million inhabitants (about 10 million Poles, 1.5 million Jews, 650,000 Germans and more than 500,000 Ukrainians and Byelorussians). Its capital was Krakow which was also the seat of General Governor Dr. Hans Frank. The official languages were German and Polish. Nazi plans included the elimination of the Polish school and education system except for primary schools, and the theft and destruction of Polish cultural goods. The Polish population was exposed to hunger, deportation to Germany as forced labourers, expulsion, public executions and the »pacification« of villages. The Jewish population was interned in ghettos from 1942 to 1944 and almost completely exterminated by the end of 1943.(occupied Poland). Opened in July 1942, TreblinkaKilling center on the Bug River northeast of Warsaw in the General Government (occupied Poland). Opened in July 1942, Treblinka was the largest of the three killing centers of Operation Reinhard. Between 700,000 and 860,000 Jews and several thousand Gypsies were killed there. A revolt of the inmates on August 2, 1943 destroyed most of the camp, and it was closed in November 1943. was the largest of the three killing centers of Operation ReinhardCode name for the operation to kill Jews in the three special killing centers, Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka, in the General Government between March 1942 and October 1943. The name was coined in memory of Reinhard Heydrich, one of the central planners of the "final solution," who had been fatally wounded by Czech partisans in May 1942.. Between 700,000 and 860,000 Jews and several thousand Gypsies were killed there. A revolt of the inmates on August 2, 1943 destroyed most of the camp, and it was closed in November 1943.